This cross-species infection pathogens provide an opportunity to exchange genes and prepared to kill the host previously considered foreign. Transmission can occur from seemingly innocuous activities such as letting a monkey clinging to the head.
Microbes can be gathered from the two species evolved in the gut and form a new virus is more deadly and contagious. here are 10 diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans and vice versa.
1. Outbreaks of influenza
Outbreaks of swine flu that attacked some of the country's current flu outbreak is not as bad as ever in history. But with so many people on earth who mostly live in cities and travel with ease, making the potential for this outbreak will not be easily overcome.
Outbreaks of influenza in 1918 had swept the world in recent months and killed more than 50 million people. This figure is quite remarkable when compared to other illness in recorded history for a brief period.
Unlike some types of flu virus which kills many elderly people, children, and people with weakened immune systems, the 1918 flu virus is attacking young adults. In one year, the average life expectancy dropped by 12 years.
2. Bubonic plague
Until now, no one can beat the plague in Europe in the 14th century also called Bubonic Plague. As many as 75 million people died from the initial population of 360 million.
Plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis which is carried by rodents and cats, but be very deadly when transmitted between humans. Symptoms include fever, chills, weakness and swollen lymph nodes and pain. Even today, these outbreaks can cause death if not treated properly.
Outbreaks of this 14th century who had a rare bacterial activate dormant for centuries in the Gobi desert, Asia. After attacking Europe in the year 1320, these bacteria grow along the trade routes from China through Asia and finally to Italy in 1347, then was attacked Russia.
3. Diseases caused by animal bites: malaria, dengue, Chagas
Various diseases caused by animal bites has killed hundreds of thousands of people every year. Most disease is caused by mosquito bites.
Malaria infects more than 350 million people each year, and more than 1 million people died, mostly young children in Africa south of Sahara. Moderate dengue mosquito infects about 50 million people annually, of which 500,000 were hospitalized and 2.5 percent of them died.
In addition to mosquito bites, rabies kills approximately 55,000 people worldwide each year, most cases occur in Asia and Africa. Most deaths are caused by the bite of an infected dog.
Approximately 16 million people or more in Mexico to Argentina is estimated that Chagas disease is transmitted from the feces of blood-eating louse triatomines or so-called 'flea kisser'. Chagas is spread by many dogs or chickens kept indoors at night, allowing the fleas bite humans.
4. HIV / AIDS
HIV or the virus that causes AIDS comes from chimpanzees or other primates and is estimated to have infected humans since a century ago. This virus destroys the immune system and increase the likelihood of deadly infections or cancer. One of the diseases triggered AIDS is tuberculosis that killed nearly a quarter million people living with HIV each year.
In late 2007, an estimated 33 million people have HIV, plus approximately 2.7 million new cases for 2011. About 2 million of them died, including 270,000 children.
5. Parasite that causes mad: toxoplasma
Parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects the brains of more than half the human population, including about 50 million people in America. These parasites are expected to increase the risk of neuroticism and could lead to schizophrenia. Early symptoms resemble the flu in humans.
House cats allowed to roam by their owners are more susceptible, usually obtained from cat feces. Not just cats, the parasite is also found in other mammals where it can reproduce asexually.
6. Stomach ulcers
Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium that causes stomach ulcers in humans. These bacteria are thought to have come from lions, cheetahs and tigers. This disease still continues to this day the big cats.
7. Ebola
Ebola is a threat to gorillas and chimpanzees in Central Africa. The virus can be transmitted between people through contact with blood or body fluids from an infected person. Ebola has killed several hundred people in the mid-1970s and can be spread by bats that do not die even if infected.
The symptoms are pretty awful sudden fever, intense weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat, often followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash on the kidneys, impaired liver function. In some cases led to internal and external bleeding.
8. Polio, yaws, anthrax
Scientists suspect chimpanzees in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania suffered from polio from humans. There is also concern from human gorillas contracted yaws, a disease associated with syphilis but not sexually transmitted.
Gorillas and chimpanzees in West Africa have been killed by the anthrax outbreak, which allegedly originated from cattle herded by humans. But there is also the possibility the incident was caused by anthrax that exist naturally in the forest.
9. Human viruses that kill chimpanzees: HRSV and HMPV
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) kill the babies in developing countries. Almost all human infants in contact with germs, so it can naturally develop antibodies designed to fight germs.
But there is evidence of HRSV and HMPV viruses that are transmitted directly from humans to wild great apes have killed the entire population of chimpanzees in West Africa in 1999 to 2006.
10. Pubic lice in humans
In 2007, humans contracting pubic lice from gorillas about 3 million years ago. Fleas are not contagious because sleeping with a gorilla, but if sleeping in gorilla nests or eating together with the gorillas.
Humans are the only primates who have pubic lice and head lice. Chimpanzees have only head lice and gorillas have lice on his cock.
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